![]() ![]() Duplexers and N-plexers with outer bandpass legs exhibit similar frequency response degradation at the outer bandpass cutoff frequencies and can be compensated for in a similar manner at the outer edge frequencies. Noncontiguous diplexers (those with frequency gaps between adjacent passbands) exhibit worse frequency response degradation but can be mitigated with the use of shunt LC-series resonator reflection compensators that force the undesired reflections into the frequency gap between the passbands and away from the passband frequencies. ![]() Ideal contiguous diplexers (those with no 3-dB frequency gaps between adjacent passbands) tend to interact right between the legs so as to mitigate, but not eliminate, undesired frequency input reflections and output responses. Undesired input reflections (S11) and droopy output frequency responses (S1,2, S1,3, …S1,N) at cutoff frequencies become difficult to manage. Duplexers (two bandpass legs), triplexers (low-pass, bandpass, and high-pass legs), and N-plexers (multiple legs), are similarly problematic for the same fundamental reasons. Ideal diplexer designs are inherently problematic even at low frequencies due to the finite source resistance and interactions of the low-pass and high-pass legs. The AXIEM planar or Analyst™ 3D finite-element method (FEM) electromagnetic (EM) simulators can be used for further analysis/optimization of multi-GHz designs. N-plexer designs can be derived in Microwave Office software from duplexer and triplexer building blocks using simple copy/paste functions. Seasoned design engineers can generally meet the device requirements with ease using this accurate and efficient software design flow that quickly achieves high-frequency diplexer, duplexer, and triplexer designs that meet both the electrical and physical design requirements. This flow has been shown to overcome numerous physical/electrical design challenges of these devices at high frequencies.ĭesign success is accomplished using the optimization capabilities in Microwave Office software, combined with the extremely accurate and flexible vendor component models available from Modelithics, and the efficient, user-friendly design automation from Nuhertz. This article presents an accurate and efficient flow for the design of these components employing a combination of Nuhertz Technologies filter solutions (FS), NI AWR software, specifically Microwave Office circuit design software, and Modelithics RF and microwave simulation models. This is especially true at high frequencies, typically above ~100MHz and into the multi GHz range, where substrate and interconnect parasitic effects can significantly degrade performance and must be optimized without overburdening the designer or lengthening development time. ShortCut can be used to generate an example program to start with (Devices->AM16/32->Type X Thermocouple).Diplexer, duplexer, triplexer, and N-plexer designs may include electrical and physical design requirements that are not only difficult and cumbersome, but at times may seem to be mutually exclusive. You will need to amend your program to control a multiplexer and take the TCDiff measurements. Make sure you use the insulating cover for the multiplexer and logger. It is important to use the same type of TC wire.Ģ) Reading a thermistor connected at the multiplexer.ģ) As you mentioned, thermocouple from logger to multiplexer and use it as a Ref Temp. Keep that in mind.ġ) Connecting the multiplexer COM terminals to the logger using a length of the same thermocouple wire you are using to take the measurements. Note - you are cutting corners that will lead to sub-par measurements. You need a known temperature reference for thermocouple measurements (in lieu of having a true cold junction) They rely on different physical properties of materials. Can someone help me please!!!Ī thermistor and a thermocouple are two completely different types of sensors. My problem is I need to add about 5 Thermocouples to my program and I'm not sure how to add it. 'Generic Single Ended Voltage measurements TenHsmV() on the AM16/32 Multiplexer: 'Switch to next AM16/32 Multiplexer channel 'Default Datalogger Battery Voltage measurement BattV I am using a CR1000 with a AM1632 Multiplexer.Īt the moment i have 18 10HS Moisture sensors connected to the multiplexer. ![]()
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